汉语言说动词“讲”及其法语对应词的概念要素对比

Abstract

汉语言中的动词“讲”是常用词，在人际交往中扮演着不可或缺的角色。尽管已经有许多研究关注了它的语义和语法化过程，但在跨语言对比方面的研究相对较少。使用概念要素分析法来比较分析汉语言中的言说动词“讲”和其法语对应词汇，提供了一种具体的工具，可用于深入解析词义中更微妙的成分。通过研究分析出二者在概念维度上的共性，均有言说动作的“发出者和接收者”“表达的主题、方式、工具、方向”等要素，也有维度上数量上的增减及具体节点的选择上的差异。该方法突破了传统的言说动词语义研究思路，旨在将本体对比研究成果应用于对法的汉语教学，帮助汉语学习者更好地掌握言说类动词，为教学提供理论支持和实践思路

The verb “jiang” in the Chinese language is a commonly used word that plays an indispensable role in interpersonal communication. While there has been considerable research on its semantics and grammaticalization process, cross-language comparative studies are relatively scarce. Utilizing the conceptual element analysis method to compare and analyze the Chinese verb “jiang” and its corresponding vocabulary in French provides a specific tool for a more in-depth analysis of the subtle components within its semantics. The study reveals commonalities in conceptual dimensions between the two languages, such as the elements of the speaker and listener, expression of themes, methods, tools, and direction of speech actions. Differences are also identified in the quantity of dimensions, specific node selections, and other aspects. This approach breaks away from the traditional semantic research on speech verbs and aims to apply the comparative research results of ontology to the teaching of Chinese law. It helps Chinese language learners better grasp verbs related to speech, providing theoretical support and practical insights for teaching.