"Family Theories: Key Ideas, Applications and Research Topics on Family Quality of Life for Thailand"

Abstract

This academic article critically examines the conceptual foundations of the family through a comparative analysis of eight major theories: Symbolic Interactionism, Structural-Functionalism, Developmental Theory, Feminist Family Theory, Conflict Theory, Family Systems Theory, Attachment Theory, and Ecological Systems Theory. The study explores the core tenets of each framework and, more profoundly, their strategic application to the study of Family Quality of Life (FOoL) in contemporary Thailand. The analysis highlights that Thai families are navigating significant transformations, including increasing diversity and fragmentation, ultra-low fertility, rapid population aging, and economic pressures, alongside prevalent issues like youth mental health crises, domestic violence, and legal gaps. These challenges necessitate a robust theoretical lens for effective understanding and intervention. The article systematically applies each theory to specific, pressing issues confronting Thai families, demonstrating how diverse theoretical perspectives illuminate the underlying dynamics of FQoL. For instance, Symbolic Interactionism reveals the subjective meanings of family happiness and mental illness stigma, while Feminist Theory uncovers gendered power imbalances and burdens Structural-Functionalism examines adaptive functions like elder care provision, and Developmental Theory addresses FOoL across family life stages, such as in "skipped-generation" households. This multi-perspectival approach culminates in the proposal of 28 specific research topics/projects, providing a concrete agenda for empirical inquiry. These proposed research areas aim to generate evidence-based insights crucial for informing social policy development, enhancing social welfare administration, and empowering social work practice in Thailand. Ultimately, the article advocates for a theoretically grounded to foster greater family adaptability, resilience, and overall well-being in the face of evolving societal complexities.