泰国国际汉语教学中的中华文化融入研究

Abstract

With the economic and social exchanges’ increasing between Thailand and China, the development background of "One Belt One Road" policy of China and "Twenty-Year Development Strategy" of Thailand, Chinese has become one of the most popular foreign languages in Thailand. Chinese learners increase year by year in Thailand. The current Chinese teaching in Thailand mainly cultivates learners’ ability to speak Chinese and use Chinese to communicate with Chinese people in work and life. It is hoped that learners can understand Chinese culture and be able to communicate with Chinese people smoothly. From this perspective, international Chinese language education is inseparable from Chinese culture and should integrate Chinese culture into it scientifically and effectively. This article analyzes and studies the teaching of Chinese culture in international Chinese education, which has theoretical and practical significance for promoting the integration of Chinese culture teaching in Chinese education of Thailand. The main part of this article is divided into three parts. The first part mainly discusses the relationship between language teaching and cultural teaching in foreign language learning, including the connotation and relationship between language and culture, the importance of integrating Chinese culture into international Chinese education. And it also introduces the most popular foreign language learning "5C" standard in the field of second language teaching and in dictates that language and culture are an inseparable whole. The second part studies the content of integrating Chinese culture in international Chinese education, including the content selection principles, specific contents, and integration principles of integrating Chinese culture in international Chinese education. The teaching of Chinese culture in international Chinese language education serves language learning, so it must be adapted to the stage of language teaching, combined with the cultivation of language communicative ability. Attention should be paid to teaching students according to their aptitude, and a variety of cultural teaching activities should be carried out. The third part takes Thailand as an example to study the strategy of integrating Chinese culture into international Chinese language education, mainly from the three aspects of teachers, teaching textbooks, and teaching method, including improving the cultural teaching quality of international Chinese language teachers, co-authoring localized teaching textbooks that pay equal attention to language and culture, and carrying out multi-level and diversified cultural teaching in Chinese teaching.

随着泰国和中国经济、社会交往日益密切，以及在中国“一带一路”建设、泰国“二十年发展战略”等发展背景下，汉语已经成为泰国最受欢迎的外语之一，泰国汉语学习者逐年递增。当前泰国的汉语教学主要培养学习者会说汉语、能够使用汉语在工作生活中与中国人交际的能力，希望学习者能够理解中国、理解中国文化，能够顺畅地与中国人交流、交往。从这个角度而言，国际汉语教学与中华文化密不可分，国际汉语教学应科学、有效地将中华文化融入其中。本文对国际汉语教学中的中华文化教学进行分析和研究，对促进泰国汉语教学中的中华文化教学融入有重要的理论和实践意义。本文主体部分主要分为三部分：第一部分主要论述外语学习中语言教学与文化教学的关系，包括语言与文化的内涵、关系，将中华文化融入国际汉语教学的重要性，并介绍了当前在世界范围内二语教学领域影响最深远和受认可的外语学习“5C”标准，认为语言与文化是不可分割的整体。第二部分研究国际汉语教学中融入中华文化的内容，包括在国际汉语教学中融入中华文化的内容选择原则、具体内容和融入原则。国际汉语教学中的中华文化教学是为语言学习服务的，因此要与语言教学阶段相适应，要与语言交际能力的培养相结合，要注意因材施教，开展多样化的文化教学活动。第三部分以泰国为例研究国际汉语教学中融入中华文化的策略，主要从教师、教材、教学三方面展开论述，包括提升国际汉语教师文化教学素质、合作编写语言与文化并重的本土化教材、在汉语教学中开展多层次、多元化的文化教学。