以词典用户为中心的现代汉语植物类词释义个案研究

Abstract

Definition is the core and soul of lexicography. As a basic Chinese vocabulary, plant words play an important role in dictionary compilation. From the perspective of dictionary users, this paper selects the six categories of basic categories, explores the method of meaning division and description of modern Chinese plant words based on physical structure theory, examines the dictionary status and demand of Chinese teachers and students, and proposes the optimization path of teaching practice.The introduction part discusses the research status of dictionary users, the interpretation of plant word dictionary and the research status of lexicon theory, especially the theoretical research and application of generative vocabulary theory; it expounds the basis, theoretical basis, research methods, research objectives and corpus sources of the topic selection.The 1 to 7 chapters are the text part, combined with the corpus technology and the physical structure theory, the meaning of modern Chinese plant words is redivided and redescribed, and discusses the optimization strategy of the user perspective of dictionary use and Chinese teaching practice. The specific contents are as follows:The first chapter systematically introduces the corpus development, selection, and the methods and implementation path of establishing a balanced corpus.Chapter 2 to chapter 4 through the establishment of balanced corpus, guided by the physical structure, in the han (7th edition) on the basis of the definition of "root", "flower", "wood", "tree", "grass", "hemp"," laurel "," apricot ","millet", " grain ", " lotus "," algae " 12 plant word meaning distribution and definition and description, and explains the derivatives of plant words.Chapter 5 summarizes the existing interpretation mode and optimization scheme of plant words, and explains that the use of corpus technology and physical structure theory can improve the systematization, accuracy and scientificity of plant words.Chapter 6 takes the dictionary users as the research object, makes a detailed investigation and analysis of the dictionary use situation and user needs of "teachers" and "students" from the user-centered perspective, points out the current situation and existing problems of dictionary use, and puts forward the optimization strategy of dictionary use.Chapter 7 starts from the current situation of vocabulary teaching, focusing on how to assist Chinese teaching, especially vocabulary teaching, puts forward specific optimization ideas of vocabulary teaching, and makes teaching exploration and case analysis with the cultural teaching of vocabulary in Chinese as a foreign language.The conclusion summarizes the main research contents and achievements of the thesis, and points out the shortcomings of the thesis and the future research prospects.

释义是词典编纂的核心和灵魂。植物类词作为汉语基本词汇，在词典编撰中有着非常重要的地位。本文以词典用户为中心的视角出发，选取了现代汉语六大类基本层次范畴常用植物词为研究对象，通过建立单字均衡语料库，探索了基于物性结构理论的现代汉语植物词义项划分和义项描写的方法；并在此基础上考察了汉语教师和留学生的词典使用现状和需求，结合汉语词汇教学提出了教学实践的优化路径。绪论部分综述了词典用户的研究现状、植物词词典释义研究现状和词典学理论研究现状，尤其是生成词库论的理论研究和具体应用；阐明了本文的选题依据、理论基础、研究方法、研究目的以及语料来源。第一至七章为正文部分，结合语料库技术和物性结构理论，对现代汉语植物类词的义项进行了重新划分和重新描写，并探讨了用户视角的词典使用与汉语教学实践的优化策略。具体内容如下：第一章系统性地介绍了语料库的发展、选择以及建立平衡语料库的方法和实施路径。第二章至第四章通过建立平衡语料库，以物性结构理为指导，在《现汉》（第7版）已有释义的基础上对“根”、“花”、“木”、“树”、“草”、“麻”、“桂”、“杏”、“粟”、“禾”、“荷”、“藻”等12个植物词的义项分布和释义做了重新划分、重新描写，并且对这些植物词各个义项之间衍生关系进行了详细的说明。第五章归纳总结了植物词现有的释义模式及优化方案，阐明运用语料库技术和物性结构理论可以更够较好地提升植物词释义的系统性、准确性和科学性。第六章以词典用户为研究对象，对用户中心视角的“教师”和“学生”的词典使用情况和用户需求做了详细的调研和分析，指出词典使用现状和存在的问题，并提出了词典使用的优化策略。第七章从词汇教学的现状展开，围绕词典及词典释义如何辅助汉语教学尤其是词汇教学，提出了具体的词汇教学的优化思路，并以对外汉语词汇课的文化教学做了教学探究和案例分析。结语对整篇论文的主要内容及研究结果进行总结，同时也指出本文的不足之处，以及对未来研究的展望。