基于外向型词典的现代汉语工匠类词释义研究

Abstract

A learning dictionary plays a very important guiding role in both learning one's mother tongue and learning a foreign language. As a reference book for non native Chinese speakers, extroverted dictionaries are an important way to learn Chinese. With the deepening of international exchanges, the compilation of export-oriented Chinese and foreign dictionaries has adapted to the trend of the times and played a positive role in disseminating Chinese cultural knowledge, and its compilation requirements are also increasing. Craftsman words, as a basic vocabulary in Chinese, play an important role in dictionary compilation. This article selects the commonly used modern Chinese craftsman words in the basic level category as the research object, uses corpus technology, and based on the original definition of modern Chinese dictionaries, points out the shortcomings of existing craftsman word interpretation models. It also explores the combination of material structure theory and corpus technology to divide and analyze the meanings of modern Chinese craftsman words, and uses commonly used Chinese and English dictionaries to interpret them. The division and description of the meaning of craftsman words have been enriched and improved, which has certain reference value in improving the accuracy and completeness of the interpretation of craftsman words.In the introduction section, the article explores the research status, development research status, generative vocabulary theory research and application of extroverted dictionaries; Clarified the topic selection basis, research object and purpose, research methods, etc. of this article.In the main body, combining corpus technology and property structure theory, the meaning distribution and description of modern Chinese craftsman words are carried out. The corresponding chapters are as follows:The first chapter introduces the development research of export-oriented dictionaries.Chapter 2 reviews the current research status of generative vocabulary theory and conducts in-depth research on the description system and semantic generation mechanism of generative vocabulary semantics, providing strong theoretical support for this study.Chapter 3 to Chapter 7 establishes a balanced corpus, combined with the theory of material structure, and based on the interpretation of the Modern Chinese Dictionary (7th edition). The paper reclassifies and describes the sense distribution and definition of artisan words such as Axe and so on.Conclusion summarizes the main content and research results of the entire paper, while also pointing out the shortcomings of this article and the prospects for future research.

学习型词典不论对学习母语还是对学习外语，都起到了非常重要的指导作用。外向型词典作为母语非汉语者使用的工具书，是学习汉语的重要途径。随着国际交往的深入，外向型汉语词典的编撰适应时代发展潮流，对传播汉语文化知识起到了积极的作用，其编撰要求也越来越高。工匠类词作为汉语基本词汇，在词典编撰中有着重要地位。本文选取基本层次范畴常用现代汉语工匠词为研究对象，运用语料库技术，在现代汉语词典原有释义基础上，提出现有工匠词释义模式的不足，并探索将物性结构理论和语料库技术结合起来对现代汉语工匠类词语的义项进行划分和分析。运用常用汉语词典和英语词典释义，对工匠类词义项划分和描写进行了丰富和完善，在提高工匠类词释义的准确性、完整性方面具有一定的参考价值。文章在绪论部分探讨了外向型词典的研究现状、发展研究现状、生成词库理论研究和应用；阐明了本文的选题依据、研究对象与目的、研究方法等。正文部分，结合语料库技术和物性结构理论，对现代汉语工匠类词的释义进行义项分布和描写。相应章节如下：第一章介绍外向型词典的发展研究。第二章梳理生成词库理论研究现状，对生成词库语义的描写体系和语义生成机制开展了深入的研究，为本研究提供了强有力的理论支撑。第三章至第七章建立平衡语料库，结合物性结构理论，在《现代汉语词典》（第7版）释义的基础上，分别对选取的斧等工匠类词的义项分布和释义做了重新划分和描写。结语对论文的主要内容及研究结果进行总结，同时也指出本文的不足以及对未来研究的展望。