语料库视野下的性状类词“老”的义项分布研究

Abstract

性状类词是描述人、事物特征或状态的重要词汇之一。“老”作为一个高频性状类词，在不同的语境中有多个义项。由于辞书编纂需要以占有海量语料为前提，而《现代汉语词典》对语料的掌握有限，故义项划分上存在问题。文章运用语料库技术，以个案研究的形式对“老”字在现代汉语中的义项进行重新描写和划分，并从认知语言学角度分析“老”字各义项产生的原因及其衍生关系。

Trait class words are one of the important words to describe the characteristics or states of people and things. As a high frequency trait class word, "lǎo" has many meanings in different contexts. Since the compilation of dictionaries needs to occupy a large amount of corpus as the premise, and the Modern Chinese Dictionary has limited grasp of corpus, there are problems in the division of meanings. This paper uses corpus technology to re-describe and classify the meanings of "lǎo" in modern Chinese in theform of case study, and analyzes the causes and derivations of the meanings of "lǎo" from the perspective of cognitive linguistics.