基于语料库的现代汉语“满”字义项分布研究

Abstract

性状类词是描述人、事物特征或状态的重要词汇之一。“满”作为一个高频性状类词，在不同的语境中有多个义项。由于《现代汉语词典》中对语料的掌握有限，所以存在常用义项划分粗浅，漏收义项的情况。所以对义项进行重新划分和描写，是词汇学和词典学领域的重要课题。文章运用语料库技术，以个案研究的形式对“满”字在现代汉语中的义项进行重新描写和划分，认为《现代汉语词典（第7版）》中漏收义项2个。因此，将语料库技术与词典编纂结合起来是丰富常用词义项的一条可行之路，也能为词典的再次修订提供参考。

Character words are one of the important words to describe the characteristics or states of people and things. As a high frequency character word, "mǎn" has many meanings in different contexts. Due to the limited grasp of corpus in the Modern Chinese Dictionary, the division of common sense items is shallow and the sense items are omitted. Therefore, it is an important subject in lexicology and lexicography to reclassify and describe the meaning. This paper uses corpus technology to re-describe and classify the meaning of "mǎn" in modern Chinese in the form of case study, and holds that there are 2 missing meanings in the Modern Chinese Dictionary (7th Edition). Therefore, the combination of corpus technology and lexicography is a feasible way to enrich the meaning of common words, and can also provide a reference for the revision of dictionaries.