Research on The Distribution of The Word "SHEN (深)" in Modern Chinese Based on The Qualia Structure Theory

Abstract

This paper takes the word "SHEN (深)" as the research object, extracts enough corpus from the CCL corpus of Peking University, analyzes its sememe distribution in the real corpus and the prominent qualia roles of the corpus, and then according to the frequency of use, the meaning of the word reclassify and describe. On the basis of the existing 9 meanings in A Dictionary of Current Chinese (7thed.) [Xiandai Hanyu Cidian (7thed.)], 7 new meanings were found: "the pitch of the voice is lower than that of the conventional or comparison object", ""completely participates in a certain activity or state", describe people have a quiet and introverted personality, and do not express their true feelings or opinions easily ""the volume of air inhaled or discharged is larger than that of conventional or comparison objects" "describes sharp eyes and contains rich meanings" , "people are in a state of deep sleep and are not easily awakened" and "below the surface of abstract things and develop towards a more core stage". In addition, according to the theory of qualia structure in the generative lexicon, the derivation relationship between the meaning items of "SHEN (深)" is explained, which provides new basis for the existing dictionary definitions and optimizes and adjusts some meaning items.

本文以“深”字作为研究对象，从北京大学的CCL语料库中抽取满足研究数量的语料，分析其在真实语料中的义位分布以及语料凸显的物性角色，进而根据使用频率对该字的义项进行重新划分和描写。在《现代汉语》（第七版）已有9个义项的基础上，还发现了7个新义项：“声音音调比常规或比较对象低”“完全参与到某种活动或状态当中”“形容人的性格安静内敛，不轻易表达真实感受或意见”“吸入或排出的气量比常规或比较对象大”“形容目光锐利且有包含了丰富的含义”“人处于沉睡的状态，不易被唤醒”“低于抽象事物表面向更核心的阶段发展”。此外，根据生成词库中的物性结构理论对“深”字义项之间的衍生关系进行解释，为已有的词典释义提供新的依据并对部分义项进行优化调整。