汉泰民族节日中植物民俗象征义对比研究

Abstract

植物的民俗内涵，是各民族文化基因的鲜活呈现，凝结着各自独特的历史记忆与生活智慧。中国与泰国，作为东亚和东南亚地区极具代表性的国家，其植物所承载的民俗象征意义，既彰显着鲜明的文化个性，又暗藏着共性。本文系统梳理汉泰民族节日中具有民俗象征意义的植物类型，对比汉泰民族节日植物民俗象征义的差异与共性，挖掘汉泰节日植物民俗象征义背后的文化基因。研究发现汉泰民族植物象征义均围绕满足人的尊重自然、生命至上和精神需求展开。与此同时，两族节日植物象征义在生成来源、价值取向、文化渊源及宗教信仰权重上呈现出显著差异，其共性和差异的背后，是汉泰民族历史渊源、生存环境、价值追求与社会结构共同作用的结果。通过汉泰民族节日中植物民俗象征义对比研究，为理解两国文化的同源性与独特性提供新的视角，有助于减少跨文化沟通中的认知偏差，促进两国民俗文化的互鉴与传承。

The folk customs associated with plants are a vivid representation of the cultural genes of various ethnic groups, embodying their unique historical memories and life wisdom. China and Thailand, as two representative countries in East Asia and Southeast Asia, showcase the distinctive cultural identities through the symbolic meanings of plants, while also hiding commonalities. This study systematically sorts out the types of plants with folkloric symbolic significance in the festivals of the Han and Thai ethnic group. Comparing the differences and commonalities of the symbolic meanings of plant folklore and explore the culture behind the symbolic meanings of plant folklore in Han and Thai festivals. The study found that the symbolic meanings of plants in both the Han and Thai cultures revolve around satisfying people's respect for nature, prioritizing life, and fulfilling spiritual needs. Meanwhile, the symbolic meanings of festival plants in the two ethnic groups exhibit significant differences in terms of their origins, value orientations, cultural roots, and the weight given to religious beliefs. Commonalities and differences are the result of the combined effects of the historical origins, living environments, value pursuits, and social structures of the Han and Thai ethnic group. By comparing the symbolic meanings of plant customs in Han and Thai festivals, the study provides a new perspective for understanding the cultural similarities and uniqueness between the two countries. It helps to reduce cognitive biases in cross-cultural communication and promote mutual learning and inheritance of folk cultures between the two countries.