汉语全球化发展的大背景下，汉语国际教育事业发展整体态势良好。词典作为教与学最古老的工具之一，其重要性不言而喻。释义作为词典研究中难度最大、学术含量最高的部分之一，一直以来备受关注。学界已有的相关研究大都关注义项的划分及义项间的引申关系，忽视了对义项的深入描写。本文运用物性结构理论，根据“水”字在真实语料中的组合方式、搭配习惯和语义解释，结合词典已有释义，重新描写“水”在现代汉语中的义项分布情况并探索其义项衍生分布成因，为已有的词典运用描述性话语释义进行了探讨,以期为汉语学习型词典中自然物类词的释义描写提供有益参考。
Under the background of the globalization of Chinese language, the development of international Chinese language education is in a good overall trend. As one of the oldest tools for teaching and learning, the importance of dictionaries is self-evident. As one of the most difficult and academic parts in dictionary research, interpretation has always been concerned. Most of the existing studies focus on the division of semantics and the extended relationship between semantics, ignoring the in-depth description of semantics. Based on the theory of qualia structure, according to the combination mode, collocation habits and semantic interpretation of "SHUI" in real corpus, combined with the existing definitions in dictionaries, this paper re-describes the distribution of "SHUI" in modern Chinese and explores the causes of its derivative distribution of meanings, to explore the application of descriptive discourse definitions in existing dictionaries. In order to provide useful reference for the description of the natural words in the Chinese learning dictionary.
